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	Cellulose
	Kluwer Academic Publishers (www.wkap.nl) ISSN  0969-0239 Wolfgang Glasser, Editor-in-Chief Dept. of Wood Sciences and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA
	Cellulose Communications (click on the link above to see the tables of contents for this journal)
	published by The Cellulose Society of Japan ISSN  1342-730X Prof. F. Nakatsubo (Kyoto University), Editor-in-Chief
	Cellulose Chemistry and Technology
	published by The Romanian Academy ISSN  0576-9787
	Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology
	Marcel Dekker, Inc. ISSN  0277-3813 Leland R. Schroeder, editor
	Holzforschung
	Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG ISSN 0018-3830 Horst H. Nimz, editor

Recently published books of interest to the cellulose community

(posted  25 March 2002)

References

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The Processive ß-Glycosyltransferase Family Tree

What are Processive ß-Glycosyltransferases?

by David Nobles

Glycosyltransferases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of sugar residues to acceptor molecules. These enzymes have specificity for both donor and acceptor molecules as well as the type of linkage formed between them (a or ß). 

Glycosyltransferases can be processive (catalyzing the addition of multiple sugar residues) or non-processive (catalyzing the addition of only one sugar residue) ¹.
Processive ß-glycosyltransferases represent a large and diverse family of enzymes present in organisms from all domains of life. Among the enzymes included in this family are cellulose synthases, chitin synthases, hyaluronan synthases, curdlan synthases, and type 3 capsule synthases. Although the sequences coding for these enzymes are quite divergent, they all have the D,D,D,QXXRW motif2 ².
 
The tree shown on this site is a bootstrapped, unrooted, Neighbor Joined tree demonstrating relationships between various members of the processive ß-glycosyltransferase family. The sequences present in this tree are by no means exhaustive, rather, they constitute a representative sampling of sequences available in various databases.

References
 
1. Saxena IM, Brown RM Jr, Dandekar T. "Structure--function characterization of cellulose synthase: relationship to other glycosyltransferases." Phytochemistry. 2001 Aug;57(7):1135-48. Review.

2. Saxena IM, Brown RM Jr, Fevre M, Geremia RA, Henrissat B. "Multidomain architecture of ß-glycosyl transferases: implications for mechanism of action."
Journal of Bacteriology 1995 Mar;177(6):1419-24. Review.

Cellulose FAQ

• What is Cellulose?
  answer: see this site for an excellent explanation by Frederick A. Senese